In which network topology are all nodes connected to a single central cable?

The correct answer is the bus topology. In a bus topology, all nodes (such as computers and devices) are connected to a single central cable or backbone. This configuration allows data to travel along the cable, with messages being sent in both directions. Each device listens for the data meant for it, which is transmitted along the bus.

Bus topology is relatively easy to install and requires less cabling compared to other topologies, making it a cost-effective solution for smaller networks. However, it's important to note that if the central cable experiences a failure, the entire network can go down, which poses a significant drawback.

Understanding the characteristics of various network topologies is crucial for network design and troubleshooting. In contrast, other topologies like star, ring, and mesh have their unique structures and mechanisms that differentiate them from bus topology. For example, in star topology, all nodes connect to a central hub, while in a ring topology, devices are arranged in a circular path, and in mesh topology, each node connects to multiple other nodes, creating multiple paths for data transmission.