What is the primary function of a router in a network?

The primary function of a router in a network is to forward data packets between computer networks. Routers are essential for directing traffic on the internet and within enterprises by determining the best paths for data to travel. They examine the destination address of incoming data packets and use routing tables and protocols to decide on the most efficient route to forward each packet to its destination, which may be on the same network or across multiple networks.

This forwarding capability enables different networks to communicate effectively, which is fundamental to the operation of the internet. Routers not only connect disparate networks but also manage traffic load, optimize network performance, and ensure that data packets arrive at the proper destinations even as the network topology changes.

In contrast, filtering network traffic is often a function of firewalls and security devices that work alongside routers, while connecting devices within the same network typically involves switches or hubs. Providing wireless connectivity usually pertains to wireless access points or routers with built-in wireless capabilities, but the core role of routers is to facilitate the inter-network communication.