The commonly used cable for networking in a local area network is Ethernet cable, specifically categories such as Cat5e and Cat6. Ethernet cables utilize twisted pair wiring, which helps to reduce interference and allows for higher data transfer speeds. Cat5e supports speeds up to 1 Gbps over 100 meters, while Cat6 can support even higher speeds and better performance over longer distances due to its improved specifications.
This choice is significant because Ethernet cables are designed specifically for Ethernet networking, which is the most widely installed technology for local area networks. Their widespread use, cost-effectiveness, and capability to support modern network speeds make them a staple in networking infrastructures.
Other options, while they have their own applications, are less common for local area networks. Coaxial cable is generally used for cable television or internet connections but is less effective for modern LAN setups. Fiber optic cable offers high speeds and long-distance data transmission but is typically more expensive and used for backbone connections rather than within local areas. Twisted pair cable, such as Cat3, is largely outdated and not suitable for the high-speed requirements of current networks, making it less viable compared to Cat5e and Cat6 Ethernet cables.